ABCTE Professional Teaching Knowledge Practice Exam

Which type of tests differentiate between high and low achievers?

1. Criterion-referenced tests

2. Norm-referenced tests

3. Diagnostic tests

4. Formative assessments

The correct answer is: Norm-referenced tests

Norm-referenced tests are designed specifically to compare and rank the performance of students against a national or predetermined group. These tests yield scores that indicate where a test taker's performance lies in relation to others; for instance, a student's score can be summarized in terms of percentiles, indicating how they performed relative to their peers. This means that such assessments can effectively differentiate between high and low achievers by identifying how individuals perform in comparison to a larger group, which is the primary purpose of norm-referenced assessments. In contrast, criterion-referenced tests evaluate how well a student has mastered a specific set of skills or content, without making comparisons to others. Diagnostic tests are used primarily to identify students' strengths and weaknesses in certain areas, while formative assessments are conducted during the learning process to monitor student learning and provide ongoing feedback. While these types of assessments have their merits, they do not serve the same purpose in distinguishing between high and low achievers as norm-referenced tests do.